|
Clan Crozier (crosier, croser, cros, etc.) is one of the border reiving clans of Scotland, along with the Armstrongs, Elliots, and Nixons. Some sources cite the surname as a sept of the Armstrong clan, but the Scottish Parliament in 1587 identified the Croziers as a middle march clan.〔Great Britain III Acts of the Parliament of Scotland pp.466-7 (1587)〕 An armigerous clan is a clan without a chief, and a sept is a clan which follows a chief. So an armigerous clan like Clan Armstrong, since it does not have a chief, does not have septs. Clan Crozier, not having a chief by the Lord Lyon King of Arms, is an armigerous clan allied with the far more populous Clan Armstrong. ==Name evolution== Croyser, Croiser, Crosier, Crozier. Many of the earlier forms of the name were of Croyser or Crosier (of Cros), had a common English language switch of an "y" for an "i". The name basically was Croyser then Croiser, which means cross; one who lives near or bears one.〔''Middle English Dictionary'', Vol 1&2 by Hans Kurath.〕 Croyser or Crosier has Old French origins, of Roman Christianity the name Croyser, then Croiser has also Old Scottish influence evolved from the Old French of, Croice, Crois(e, n. Also: croyce, croys(e). (croice, croyce, crois, croys, croyz (14–15th c.), OF. crois, croiz. Cf. Croce n.1 ) An earlier form of the word, which is croy for the Croyser name; Cro, Croy, n.1 Sc. and Ir. Gaelic cró fold, hut, Icel. kró sheepfold. Latinized as croa, croya (12th c.).〔(Dictionary of the Scots Language Dictionar o the Scots Leid )〕 The meaning referring to hut, which developed the name Croyser is insignificant in most of England where the name is based on cross, but given the popularity of the name in Yorkshire, with variants in Sweden, it is felt by people of Scandinavian origins migrating to what is now Scotland, likely applied the meaning of hut to Croyser that of hut builder. The Croziers came from Normandy in 1066 with William the Conqueror. Through the years, some moved northward to the southern areas of Scotland where they became established as a Border Clan. According to Scots Kith and Kin,〔''Scots Kith & Kin: A Comprehensive A-Z Guide to the Surnames of Scotland, the Clans and Their Tartans'' Collins Celtic, Collins Celtic Staff, Collins UK Collins, 1989〕 Clan Crozier was in Liddesdale in the 14th Century.〔http://www.chebucto.ns.ca/Heritage/FSCNS/Scots_NS/Clans/Crozier.html〕 * William le Gros Earl of Yorkshire (Count of Aumale) died 1179 could easily be the influence of the Croyser of today's border region being of Yorkshire. Name similarities exist between, Le Cros and Le Gros and today's Crozier and Grozier surnames. William le Gros, owned Scarborough Castle. Borough means fort and is symbolized on the shield of Scarborough. Scarborough is of Anglo-Saxon origins, and people with the surname Scarborough are known to be from Scarborough. The Y-DNA of the people named Scarborough was used to locate an entry point into the British Isles, of an Elfwald/Elwald.〔http://gorrenberry.com/geographic-surname-dna-correlation/〕 Name version of Crozier with a G; Grosar, Grosars, Grossars (RB Armstrong), Gros, and Grozier, which OCR (optical character recognition), sometimes read the upper case C as a G, is questioned if the document is handwritten, that it may have been transcribed in the past with a C transcribed as a G. William le Gros, Count of Aumale, was a powerful Anglo-Norman baron and grand-nephew of William the Conqueror. In the Norman Barony surname naming procedures, the name is taken from locality, and today there is a ''Le Cros'', France, which corresponds with surname density, location in Southern France, of Le Cros. Time of surname adoption, ''Le Cros'' (Le Gros) was likely change to ''Le Croyser'' in what is now England. * William le Croyser. 1264, recorded in ''Eynsham Cartulary'', in the time of King Henry III,and was known The ''Frenchman'', 1216 - 1272.〔http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Croyser#ixzz3kHkgQRW0〕 * Henry Croiser (Croyser) 1266-1272 is detained in Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland prison, in killing Agnes of Hertrepol, in self-defence.〔1266-1272 Great Britain. Public Record Office Kraus Reprint, 1971〕 This is close to today's Scottish Borders, and likely where the name Croyser/Croiser, migrated into what became Scotland in ca. 1320. * Simon le Croyser April 1327, is recorded in Calendar of Close Rolls, Peterborough which is a larger community south of Crowland/Crowland Abbey as spelled Croyland.〔Calendar of the Close Rolls ...: Preserved in the Public Record Office, Volume 24 Great Britain. Public Record Office H. M. Stationery Office, 1896 - Great Britain pg 63-64〕 * William Croyser of Bedfordshire and Buckingham County is listed in the Patent Rolls 1348-9.〔Calendar of the Patent Rolls Preserved in the Public Record Office By Great Britain. Public Record Officalendar of Close Rolls, Public Record Office.Edward III, AD 1333-1337. Index;〕 ''....the Elliots, called also Elwods, Elyards, and Elwalds, of the Alfords who came from near Croyland...''〔The Chronicles of the Armstrong, James L. Armstrong 1903,ed page 31〕 The Scottish name Croyser originated as a surname in the region of Bedford to Lincoln Counties, in reference to people which built huts. There were also other forms of the name which became Crozier. Example: the name Crosar is quite common in Liddesdale and Treviotdale. Roughly; from Cros to Crosier with interchanging the "i" with the "s" the name Croiser, evolved to Crosier, then becoming Crozier, which means a Bishop's crozier styled after the cane of a sheep herder tending the flock. Basically the name is of Old French likely the name of a region in southern France of Le Cros with a strong influence of the Norman forename William. Evolved from Cros to Croyser, from meaning cross, to cross/hut builder. Then Croyser to Croiser (cross bearer) to Crosier (bishop's sheppard's cane bearer; crozier) to Crozier meaning crozier. The name went to Liddesdale, Scotland as Croyser, then after that the changes from Croyser to Crosar (becomes Crosier/Crozier) took place in high Liddedale. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Clan Crozier」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|